With the assassination in 1948 of the head of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee, Solomon Mikhoels, by the state security, new times begin in the relationship between the Soviet government and the Jews. The liquidation of the JAC, the execution of its activists, and the campaign against the "rootless cosmopolitans" form a new state anti-Semitism. "The case of doctors" - a new blood libel. The death of Stalin will cancel the massacre, but the former official Russian-Jewish harmony under socialism will no longer be restored.