Semion Dolidze was born on February 6, 1903, in Ozurgueti, Georgia.
In 1925, he graduated from the Faculty of History at Tbilisi University. From 1925, he was the organizer of the newsreel department and a director of feature films, documentaries, and animated films for the Georgian film studio "Goskinprom," now "Grouzia-film." He was also the author of a play, short stories, and poems. He wrote screenplays for his own films as well as for other directors. A member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1941, he served as a deputy in the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of Georgia. He died on July 17, 1983, in Tbilisi.